Intel Core i5 10310U's Advantages
Higher base frequency (2.2GHz vs 1.2GHz)
Lower TDP (10W vs 20W)
Intel Core Ultra 5 125H's Advantages
Released 3 years and 7 months late
Better graphics card performance
Higher specification of memory (LPDDR5-7467 vs LPDDR4-2933)
Larger memory bandwidth (120GB/s vs 45.8GB/s)
Newer PCIe version (5.0 vs 3.0)
Larger L3 cache size (18MB vs 6MB)
More modern manufacturing process (7nm vs 14nm)